{"id":5132,"date":"2017-05-18T12:45:48","date_gmt":"2017-05-18T19:45:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/?p=5132"},"modified":"2017-05-18T12:46:22","modified_gmt":"2017-05-18T19:46:22","slug":"%e4%b8%8d%e5%86%8d%e6%98%af%e8%a2%ab%e8%80%97%e5%8a%9b%e5%ae%a2%e6%8d%86%e7%bb%91%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/?p=5132","title":{"rendered":"\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u88ab\u8017\u529b\u5ba2\u6346\u7ed1\u7684\u4eba"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n\t\u7814 \u7a76 \u4eba \u5458 \u5a01 \u5ec9&middot; \u65af \u7279 \u52b3 \u5e03 \u91cc \u9f50(William Strawbridge) \u7528 \u4e86 \u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4, \u5bf9\u5927\u7ea6 5,000 \u540d\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7814\u7a76, \u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u5171\u536b \u751f \u6742 \u5fd7 \u300b(American Journal of Public Health)\u4e0a\u3002\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0, \u90a3\u4e9b\u6bcf\u5468\u53c2\u52a0\u4e00\u6b21&ldquo;\u5b97\u6559\u6d3b\u52a8&rdquo; (\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 &ldquo;\u5b97\u6559\u6d3b\u52a8&rdquo; \u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7279\u6307\u57fa\u7763 \u5f92\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u6d3b\u52a8, \u5982\u8bfb\u7ecf\u7977\u544a\u7b49)\u7684\u5987\u5973\u7684\u786e\u660e\u663e\u5730\u5ef6\u957f\u4e86\u5bff\u547d\u3002\u65af\u7279\u52b3\u5e03\u91cc\u9f50\u8fd8\u53d1\u73b0, \u4ece\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u770b, \u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u5f92\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u6bd4\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u5065 \u5eb7, \u76f8\u53cd\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u8fd8\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73, \u53ea\u662f\u540e\u6765\u8eab\u4f53\u624d\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u597d\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u9879\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u5f97\u514b\u8428\u65af\u5927\u5b66(University of Texas)\u7814\u7a76 \u4eba\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0, \u5b9a\u671f\u53c2\u52a0 &ldquo;\u5b97\u6559\u6d3b\u52a8&rdquo;\u7684\u4eba\u6bd4\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ece\u4e0d\u53c2\u52a0\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5bff\u547d\u8981\u591a\u4e03\u5e74\u3002 \u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u90a3\u91cc\u770b\u4f5c\u7a00\u5947\u7684, \u5728\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u770b\u6765\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u5e73\u5e38\u5e76\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u3002 \u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u56e0\u4e3a\u656c\u8654\u7231\u4e3b, \u5404\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f97\u8499\u4fdd\u5b88, \u5c11\u4e86\u9157\u9152, \u5c11\u4e86\u4e0d\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u55dc\u597d, \u5c11\u4e86\u8fc7\u5ea6\u523a\u6fc0\u7684\u5a31\u4e50, \u5c11\u4e86\u60c5\u6b32\u6cdb\u6ee5\u7684\u751f\u6d3b, \u4eba\u5f53\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u957f\u5bff\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f96\u5236, \u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u501f\u7740\u798f\u97f3\u6212\u9664\u4e0d\u826f\u55dc\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50, \u8bb8\u591a\u6212\u763e\u8005\u751a\u81f3\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u975e\u5e38\u521a\u5f3a\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u3002\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\u5e2d\u80dc\u9b54\u5728\u6212\u6bd2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u66fe\u521a\u5f3a\u5ba3\u544a: &ldquo;\u9b54\u9b3c, \u4f60\u8981\u600e\u6837? \u6211\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5df2\u653e\u5728\u795e\u7684\u624b\u91cc\u3002\u6211\u60c5\u613f\u6212\u70df\u6b7b\u53bb, \u4e5f\u51b3\u4e0d\u8981\u6d3b\u5728\u7f6a\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u5b81\u6b7b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u5438\u5927\u70df!&rdquo; \u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u7559\u4e0b\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u82e5\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u9760\u7740\u4e3b, \u5bf9\u6346\u7ed1\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ec7\u654c\u6709\u5982 \u6b64\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u5ba3\u544a, \u5982\u6b64\u575a\u51b3\u7684\u6001\u5ea6, \u54ea\u91cc\u6709\u4e0d\u80fd\u6212\u9664\u7684\u763e\u5462? \u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92, \u5982\u679c\u4e5f \u6562\u5728\u4e3b\u9762\u524d\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4: &ldquo;\u9b54\u9b3c, \u4f60\u8981\u600e\u6837?\u6211\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5df2\u653e\u5728\u795e\u7684\u624b\u91cc\u3002\u6211\u60c5\u613f\u6b7b\u53bb, \u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u73a9\u6e38\u620f!&rdquo; \u96be\u9053\u4f1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6297\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u763e\u5417?\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\u5e2d\u80dc\u9b54\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u5c71\u897f\u5185\u5730\u4f1a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u540c\u5de5, \u5c71\u897f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e2d\u80dc\u9b54\u7684 \u52b3\u82e6, \u6210\u4e3a\u4fe1\u5f92\u6700\u4e3a\u624e\u5b9e, \u6177\u6168, \u6b89\u9053\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u8131\u79bb\u8017\u529b\u5ba2\u7684\u8f96\u5236,\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165 \u8363\u8000\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\u3002 \u6234 \u5fb7 \u751f \u5f1f \u5144 \u66fe \u5728 \u5185 \u5730 \u4f1a \u4f1a \u520a\u300a \u4e2d \u56fd \u4e07 \u6c11 \u300b(China&#39;s Millions)\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\u547c\u5401\u7981\u6b62\u4efb\u4f55\u6210\u763e\u7684\u836f\u7269, \u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u9e26\u7247\u3002\u4e00\u516b\u516b\u516b\u5e74\u6234\u5fb7\u751f\u5728\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa: &ldquo;\u82f1\u56fd\u9e26\u7247\u8d38\u6613\u4e00\u5468\u5185\u6240\u884c\u4e4b\u6076, \u62b5\u6d88\u4e86\u897f\u6559\u58eb\u4e00\u5e74\u52b3\u82e6\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u3002&rdquo;\u4ed6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9f13\u52b1\u4e2d\u5916\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u4f20\u798f\u97f3\u6212\u6bd2, \u66f4\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u9ad8\u5c42\u591a\u65b9\u6e38\u8bf4, \u7981\u6b62\u9e26\u7247\u8d38\u6613\u3002 \u5728\u4e00\u6279\u7231\u4e3b\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b, \u4e00\u4e5d\u3007\u516d\u5e74, \u9e26\u7247\u8d38\u6613\u88ab\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u89c1\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7684\u8d23\u4efb, \u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u8fdc\u79bb\u90aa\u6076, \u66f4\u8981\u601c\u60af\u7f6a\u4eba, \u62ef\u6551\u7f6a\u4eba, \u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e16\u4e0a\u7684\u5149\u548c\u76d0\u3002\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5230\u5317\u7f8e\u8fd9\u5757\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u571f\u5730, \u6ca1\u6709\u7236\u6bcd\u548c\u8001\u5e08\u5728\u65c1\u8fb9\u7684\u76d1\u7763, \u6211\u4eec\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u505a\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u51e1\u4e8b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a, \u4f46\u4e0d\u90fd\u6709\u76ca\u5904(\u6797\u524d\u516d 12)\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u7a7a\u7684\u5668\u76bf,\u9700\u8981 \u76db\u88c5\u4e1c\u897f\u6765\u5145\u6ee1\u6211\u4eec\u3002\u6240\u4ee5, \u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u98df\u7269, \u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u8bc6, \u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5a31\u4e50\u6765\u586b\u8865\u6211\u4eec\u3002\u4f46\u662f, \u672c\u7528\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u5438\u5f15\u4f4f, \u751a\u81f3\u5974\u5f79\u6211\u4eec, \u8017\u6389\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u751f\u547d, \u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u8017\u529b\u5ba2\u7684\u5974\u96b6\u3002\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5982\u5728\u6d77\u4e2d\u6f02\u6d41\u7684\u4eba, \u65e0\u6cd5\u81ea\u6551\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5374\u6765\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u91cc, \u4e3a\u8981\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u62ef\u6551\u51fa\u6765, \u6210\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ed9\u529b\u8005\u3002\u4f60\u662f\u613f\u610f\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4f4d\u8017\u529b\u5ba2\u8fd8\u662f\u613f\u610f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6765\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4f4d\u7ed9\u529b\u8005? \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u613f\u610f, \u4f60\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7977\u544a, &ldquo;\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23,\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u3002\u6211\u627f\u8ba4\u6211\u662f\u4e2a\u7f6a\u4eba\u3002\u8d66\u514d\u6211 \u4e00\u5207\u7684\u7f6a\u3002\u6211\u5411\u4f60\u655e\u5f00\u3002\u8fdb\u5230\u6211\u7684\u7075\u91cc,\u4ee5\u4f60\u7684\u81ea\u5df1\u5145\u6ee1\u6211\u3002\u91ca\u653e\u6211\u8131\u79bb\u7f6a\u7684\u8f96\u5236, \u8fdc\u79bb\u4e0a\u763e\u3002\u4e3b\u8036\u7a23, \u6211\u63a5\u53d7\u4f60\u3002\u4e3b\u554a,\u8c22\u8c22\u4f60\u3002\u963f\u4eec\u3002&rdquo;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\u8017\u529b\u5ba2, \u6700\u7ec8\u501f\u7740\u7f6a\u7684\u5974\u5f79, \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8017\u5c3d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0e\u4f53\u529b, \u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u76ca\u5904\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u751f\u547d, \u76f8\u53cd,\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u5185\u5fc3\u6df1\u5904, \u8fdb\u5165\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7075\u91cc, \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u88ab\u795e\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5145\u6ee1, \u6c38\u8fdc\u7684\u559c\u4e50\u5e73\u5b89\u4e0e\u6ee1\u8db3, \u8fdb\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9b42\u4e5f\u5f97\u7740\u590d\u82cf, \u5fc3\u601d\u6e05\u660e, \u611f\u60c5\u5408\u5b9c, \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9b42\u5728\u5723\u7075\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e0b, \u6d3b\u51fa\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u6d3b\u529b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u65e6\u6709\u4e86 \u57fa\u7763, \u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u88ab\u8017\u529b\u5ba2\u6346\u7ed1\u7684\u4eba, \u800c\u662f\u6d3b\u529b\u4eba, \u662f\u6709\u795e\u7684\u6d3b\u4eba, \u6d3b\u7684\u795e\u4eba\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66, \u6211\u4eec\u8fd8 \u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u771f\u5b9e\u3001\u5b9e\u9645\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u3001\u6e05\u695a \u7684\u6551\u6cd5, \u5c31\u662f\u63a5\u53d7\u57fa\u7763\u3002\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\u4eb2\u7231\u7684\u670b\u53cb, \u795e\u7231\u6211\u4eec, \u795e\u5dee\u7942\u513f\u5b50\u6765\u5230\u4e16\u754c, \u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6bc1\u706d, \u800c\u662f\u8981\u628a\u751f\u547d\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec, \u597d\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u51ed \u7740\u7942\u7684\u751f\u547d, \u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u6d3b,\u5c31 \u662f&ldquo;\u9003\u907f\u9752\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u79c1\u6b32, \u540c\u90a3\u6e05\u5fc3 \u547c\u6c42\u4e3b\u7684\u4eba, \u7aed\u529b\u8ffd\u6c42\u516c\u4e49\u3001\u4fe1\u3001\u7231\u3001 \u548c\u5e73&rdquo;\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u501f\u7740\u798f\u97f3\u6212\u9664\u4e0d\u826f\u55dc\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50, \u8bb8\u591a\u6212\u763e\u8005\u751a\u81f3\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u975e\u5e38\u521a\u5f3a\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4112,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[522],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5132"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5132"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5132\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5133,"href":"https:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5132\/revisions\/5133"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4112"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xinrenfuyin.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}